ﺇﺩﺭاﻙ ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ
ﻻ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺝ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺴﻞ ﻭاﻟﺸﻤﻊ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ، ﺑﻞ ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ اﻟﺼﻤﻎ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً اﻟﺬﻱ ﻇﻞ ﻳُﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻵﻻﻑ اﻟﺴﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻳﺎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻭاﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺩﻭﻳﺔ ﻭاﻟﻌﻼﺟﺎﺕ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻛﻌﻼﺝ اﻟﺠﺮﻭﺡ. ﻭﺑﺪءاً ﻣﻦ ﻧﺰﻻﺕ اﻟﺒﺮﺩ ﻭاﻟﻘﺮﻭﺡ ﻭاﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﺎﺕ اﻟﻔﻄﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻀﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء ﻭﺣﺘﻰ اﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ اﻟﺨﻄﺮﺓ ﻛﺎﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ، ﺗﺘﺰاﻳﺪ اﻷﺑﺤﺎﺙ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻝ ﻟﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻛﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻗﻮﻱ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼﺝ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻪ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﺎﺕ ﻭاﻷﻛﺴﺪﺓ ﻭاﻷﻭﺭاﻡ.
ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ؟
Also known as bee glue, propolis is used by bees in the hive to bind crevices and small cracks, usually at the entrance to keep out intruders like insects and harmful microbes. It has a bitter taste and a strong aroma. When you remove the roof of a hive, a strong scent of propolis mixed with the rich smell of honey and pollen wafts your way. Fourth generation beekeepers, the Walkers, based in Australia describe it as, ”one of the most rewarding parts of the job, being hit with the smell from the hive every day”.
What is propolis made of?
ﺇﺫا ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻬﻮاء اﻟﻄﻠﻖ، ﻳﻘﻮﻡ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺑﺠﻤﻊ "اﻟﺼﻤﻎ" اﻟﻤﺘﻄﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺃﻧﻮاﻉ اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻭاﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﻭاﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﻪ ﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ".
(ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ اﻟﻔﻴﻠﺴﻮﻑ اﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻲ ﺃﺭﺳﻄﻮ " ﻛﺘﺎﺏ اﻟﺤﻴﻮاﻥ")
ﻳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻌﺎﺏ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻭاﻟﺸﻤﻊ ﻭاﻟﻌﺴﻞ ﻭﺻﻤﻎ اﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ. ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻡ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺑﻮﺿﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪﻣﻴﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ، ﻭاﻟﺒﺮاﻋﻢ، ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻟﻌﺼﺎﺭاﺕ اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻭاﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎً ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﻛُﺪاﺭﺓ ﺧﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ. ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺷﻤﻊ اﻟﻌﺴﻞ اﻷﺳﻤﻨﺖ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺑﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ، ﻳﺸﺒﻪ اﻟﺼﻤﻎ اﻟﻤﻌﺠﻮﻥ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻹﺻﻼﺡ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻡ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻛﻤﻄﻬﺮ. ﻓﻌﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ، ﻳﻤﺮ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﻣﺤﻤﻲّ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻤﻎ، ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﻘﻴﻢ ﺟﺴﻢ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻭاﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻴﺮﻭﺳﺎﺕ ﻭاﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ. ﻭﺭﻏﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻹﺟﺮاءاﺕ اﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻴﺔ، ﺗﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﺃﻱ ﺣﺸﺮاﺕ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ، ﻟﻠﺪﻍ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻟﻤﻮﺕ. ﺛﻢ ﻳﻐﻄﻲ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺃﺟﺴﺎﻡ اﻟﺤﺸﺮاﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻤﻎ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ اﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ اﻟﺠﺮاﺛﻴﻢ ﻭاﻟﺒﻜﺘﺮﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺟﺴﺎﻡ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﻠﻠﺔ. ﻭﻳﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻨﻔﺲ اﻟﻤﺼﻴﺮ اﻟﺤﻴﻮاﻧﺎﺕ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺣﺠﻤﻬﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻔﺄﺭ، ﻭاﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻮﻡ ﺣﻮﻝ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﺩﺓً. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳُﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺃﻥ اﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﻴﻦ اﻟﻘﺪﻣﺎء ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮا ﻓﻦ اﻟﺘﺤﻨﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ. ﻭﻋﻼﻭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ، ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮاﺭﺓ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ، ﻭﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ اﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻭ"ﻧﺸﺎﻃﻬﺎ".
ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ "propolis" ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﺔ ("ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ" ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ)
ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﻌﻨﻴﺎﻥ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻭﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻔﻜﺮﺓ اﻹﻧﺸﺎء، ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ اﻷﻭﻝ "pro" "ﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ" ﺃﻭ "اﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ ﻋﻦ"، ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ اﻷﺧﻴﺮ "polis" "اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ". ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ، ﻳﺼﺒﺢ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﻄﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻌﺎً ﻫﻮ "اﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ"، ﺃﻱ ﺧﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ. ﺃﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ اﻵﺧﺮ، ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ "propo" اﻟﻻﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻨﻲ "اﻟﻬﻴﻜﻞ". ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺩﻣﺠﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻲ "polis"، ﻳﺼﺒﺢ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻲ "ﻫﻴﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ".
ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ
ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ 300 ﻣﻜﻮﻥ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ، ﻣﺜﻞ اﻷﺣﻤﺎﺽ اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ، ﻭاﻟﺰﻳﻮﺕ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ، ﻭﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ اﻟﻔﻼﻓﻮﻧﻮﻳﺪ، ﻭاﻟﻔﻴﺘﺎﻣﻴﻨﺎﺕ، ﻭاﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻥ، ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ 16 ﻧﻮﻋﺎً ﻣﻦ اﻷﺣﻤﺎﺽ اﻷﻣﻴﻨﻴﺔ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺩاﺕ اﻟﺤﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﻀﺎﺩاﺕ اﻟﻔﻄﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﻭاﻟﻔﻴﺮﻭﺳﺎﺕ ﻭاﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﺎﺕ ﻭاﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻭاﻷﻛﺴﺪﺓ. ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺮاﺭ اﻟﻌﺴﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻡ، ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ ﻟﺠﻤﻌﻪ ﻭﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ، ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭﻩ اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ.
ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ، ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻣﺮﺑﻮ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺑﻜﺸﻄﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻃﺎﺭاﺕ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺟﺎﻓﺎً ﻭﻫﺸﺎً، ﺛﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻃﺤﻨﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻘﻌﻪ ﻻﺳﺘﺨﻼﺹ اﻟﻌﺴﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ. ﻭﻳُﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻛﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻤﻜﻤﻞ ﻏﺬاﺋﻲ ﺣﻴﻮﻱ. ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﺴﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻡ، ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺫﻟﻚ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻂ ﻣﻦ اﻹﻧﺰﻳﻤﺎﺕ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺰﺯﺓ ﻟﻠﺼﺤﺔ ﻭﺃﺣﺪ اﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻓﻀﻼً ﻋﻦ ﻣﺬاﻗﻪ اﻟﺠﻴﺪ.
Removing propolis from a hive
ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ
ﻣﻀﺎﺩ ﺣﻴﻮﻱ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ
ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺩاﺕ اﻟﺤﻴﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ، ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺑﻲ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺑﻤﻀﻐﻪ ﻛﻌﻼﺝ ﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ اﻟﺤﻠﻖ. ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮﺕ اﻷﺑﺤﺎﺙ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﺟﺮﺗﻬﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻫﺎﻳﺪﻟﺒﺮﻍ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻟﻤﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻣﺪﻯ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﺧﻼﺻﺔ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮاﻉ اﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ اﻟﻤﺴﺒﺒﺔ ﻟﻷﻣﺮاﺽ، ﻭﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﻜﻮﺭاﺕ اﻟﻌﻨﻘﻮﺩﻳﺔ اﻟﺬﻫﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﺜﻴﺴﻴﻠﻴﻦ، ﻭاﻟﻤﺒﻴﻀﺎﺕ، ﻭاﻟﻤﻜﻮﺭاﺕ اﻟﻌﻘﺪﻳﺔ. ﻭﻓﻲ ﻏﻀﻮﻥ ﺳﺖ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺧﻼﺻﺔ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ، ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ اﻟﻤﺴﺒﺒﺔ ﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﺎﺕ اﻟﺤﻠﻖ ﻭاﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﺎﺕ اﻟﺠﻠﺪﻳﺔ. ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮﺕ اﻟﺪﺭاﺳﺔ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺃﻥ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ ﻟﻠﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ ﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺳﻼﻻﺕ اﻟﻤﻜﻮﺭاﺕ اﻟﻌﻨﻘﻮﺩﻳﺔ اﻟﺬﻫﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻴﺜﻴﺴﻴﻠﻴﻦ. ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﻮﺻﻞ اﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ "ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺑﺪاﺋﻞ ﻟﻌﻼﺝ اﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﺎﺕ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮﻭﺑﻴﺔ".
اﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺸﺮﺓ
ﻟﻤﻦ ﻳﻌﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺸﺮﺓ اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺳﺔ ﺃﻭ اﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻔﺢ اﻟﺠﻠﺪﻱ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺣﺐ اﻟﺸﺒﺎﺏ، ﻫﻨﺎﻙ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺸﺮﺓ، ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻤﺎﺕ ﻭاﻷﻗﻨﻌﺔ اﻟﻌﻼﺟﻴﺔ ﺑﺨﻼﺻﺔ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ اﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﺨﻮاﺻﻪ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ اﻟﺼﻤﻎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺇﻓﺮاﺯ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ اﻟﻜﻮﻻﺟﻴﻦ، ﻭاﻟﺤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺼﺒﻐﺎﺕ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ، ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ اﺣﺘﻮاءﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻀﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻷﻛﺴﺪﺓ ﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻮﺛﺎﺕ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺷﻌﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ.
ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺻﺤﺔ اﻟﻔﻢ
ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ، ﻳُﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﻥ اﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ ﻭاﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ اﻋﺘﺎﺩﻭا ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻡ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻛﻤﻄﻬﺮ ﻟﻠﻔﻢ. ﻭﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺜﻴﺮ ﻟﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺃﻥ اﻟﺪﺭاﺳﺎﺕ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺃﺛﺒﺘﺖ اﺣﺘﻮاء اﻟﺼﻤﻎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨﻮاﺹ اﻟﻤﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻔﻢ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ اﻟﺠﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﺮﺳﺒﺔ، ﻭاﻟﻬﺮﺑﺲ، ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻣﺮاﺽ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺼﻴﺐ اﻟﺸﻔﺘﻴﻦ ﻭاﻟﻠﺜﺔ ﻭاﻟﺤﻠﻖ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃُﺛﺒﺖ اﻷﺑﺤﺎﺙ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺨﻮاﺹ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﺒﻜﺘﻴﺮﻳﺎ ﻭاﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ، ﻓﻀﻼً ﻋﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺧﻮاﺻﻪ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻔﻄﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﻭاﻟﻔﻴﺮﻭﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﻜّﻨﺔ ﻟﻵﻻﻡ ﺫاﺕ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼﺝ اﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ اﻟﻠﺜﺔ ﻭاﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ ﺩﻭاﻋﻢ اﻷﺳﻨﺎﻥ، ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ اﻟﺤﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺴﻮﺱ ﻭاﻟﺘﺮﺳﺒﺎﺕ اﻟﺠﻴﺮﻳﺔ.
اﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ اﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻳﺪﻱ
ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺤﺪ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻢ اﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ اﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﺗﻮﻳﺪﻱ. ﻭﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻪ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻻﻟﺘﻬﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻻﺣﺘﻮاﺋﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻀﺎﺩاﺕ اﻷﻛﺴﺪﺓ، ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ اﻟﻔﻼﻓﻮﻧﻮﻳﺪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳُﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺤﻤﺾ اﻟﻜﺎﻓﻴﻚ.
اﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ
ﺃﺛﺒﺘﺖ اﻟﺪﺭاﺳﺎﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻷﻭﺭاﻡ، ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻇﻬﺮﺕ اﻷﺑﺤﺎﺙ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﺘﺠﻪ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺨﻮاﺻﻪ اﻟﻤﻀﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻀﺎﺩاﺕ اﻷﻛﺴﺪﺓ.
ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮﺕ اﻷﺑﺤﺎﺙ اﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻄﺐ ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻫﺪ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻻﻳﺎﺕ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪﺓ اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻜﻴﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ اﻟﺒﺮاﺯﻳﻠﻲ اﻷﺧﻀﺮ ﻳﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﻣﻀﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ. ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺟﺮﻯ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭاﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺼﻤﻎ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺧﻼﻳﺎ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥ اﻟﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ. ﻭﺗﺸﻴﺮ اﻷﺩﻟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ اﻟﺼﻤﻎ ﻳﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺕ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ اﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺇﻣﺪاﺩاﺕ اﻟﺪﻡ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ ﻭاﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ اﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﻻﺣﻆ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺇﺟﺮاء اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭاﺕ ﺩاﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮ، ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﺠﺮﻳﺒﻪ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺎً، ﺃﻥ ﺻﺒﻐﺔ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺇﻋﺎﻗﺔ ﻧﻤﻮ ﺧﻼﻳﺎ ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥ اﻟﺒﺮﻭﺳﺘﺎﺗﺎ.
ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃُﺟﺮﻳﺖ ﺩﺭاﺳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺎﺕ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ اﻟﻮاﺭﺩﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺎﻳﻼﻧﺪ ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻤﻮ اﻟﺨﻼﻳﺎ اﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎﻧﻴﺔ. ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺛﺒﺘﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺪﺭاﺳﺔ اﺣﺘﻮاﺋﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﻣﻀﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻷﻛﺴﺪﺓ. ﻭﻳُﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺪﺭاﺳﺔ "ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺎﺕ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻫﻲ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺓ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼﺝ اﻟﺴﺮﻃﺎﻥ".
ﻭﻳﻌﺪ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ، ﻭﻣﻌﺰﺯ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﻋﺔ، ﻓﻀﻼً ﻋﻦ ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﺟﺒﺔ ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺔ. ﻭﻻ ﺗﺰاﻝ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎﺕ اﻟﺼﻤﻎ ﻟﻤﻨﻔﻌﺔ اﻟﺒﺸﺮ ﻗﻴﺪ اﻟﺪﺭاﺳﺔ، ﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﺪﻻﺋﻞ ﺗﺸﻴﺮ ﺑﻘﻮﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺩﻭﺭﻩ اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻕ ﻋﺪﺓ.
ًﻭﻻﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ اﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﺓ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺩاﺋﻤﺎً. ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ اﻷﺑﺤﺎﺙ، ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺜﻴﺮ ﻟﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻟﻔﻮاﺋﺪ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻢ ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺩاﺧﻠﻴﺎً ﻭﺧﺎﺭﺟﻴﺎ.
ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻤﻎ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ اﻟﺬﻱ ﺟﻤﻌﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻲ اﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻧﻴﻠﺴﻮﻥ ﺩﻭ ﻻ ﻛﻮﺭا ﻣﻦ ﻣﻄﻌﻢ ﻭﻣﺘﺠﺮ Cape Honey Factory، ﺳﺘﻴﻠﻴﻨﺒﻮﺵ، ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺃﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺎ، اﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﺃﻳﻨﺎﻩ ﺧﻼﻝ اﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺓ اﻷﺧﻴﺮﺓ.
